By reading the preface to the first chapter, we will delve into the legend of Fu Yi and explore the structure and philosophy of the I Ching through the early classical concepts of space and time.
The ancient Chinese understanding of space and time was very different from the Western view, which had to do with their cosmology. The ancient Chinese believed that the universe was a harmonious whole, and that all things were interconnected and constantly changing. This holistic view has shaped every aspect of Chinese culture, from art and literature to architecture and divination practices.
At the heart of this quest is the mythical figure Fuyi, often referred to as the "offspring of the dragon". He is revered as the ancestor of the Chinese people and is considered the creator of the I Ching.
To fully understand the I Ching, it is necessary to understand its structure and content. The book is divided into two main parts: the text and the hexagram itself.
Each hexagram represents a specific state or condition, and their combination provides guidance on how to deal with life's challenges.
When reading the I Ching, there are several essential elements that must be mastered. First, it is crucial to understand the concept of yin and yang, as these opposing but complementary forces form the basis of the entire system. Recognizing the composition of hexagrams helps to explain their meaning accurately. In addition, it is crucial to understand the dynamic nature of change; The I Ching emphasizes that nothing is static, and the interpretation may vary depending on the transformation of the hexagram question. Finally, use the wisdom of the I Ching, including the use of its teachings in everyday life to guide decisions and actions.
With the help of videos and practices, I have learned some basic knowledge about the origin of human beings , the content and the structure of I Ching. Hexagram is a symbol of fantasy and myth in my mind .However, when i grasp the content and structure of I Ching, I am fulling attracted by the wisdom of our ancients.
To be honest,it is so difficult for me to get out of the mess about the hexagrams and lines.But now, the deep meanings of the eight hexagrams have made a deep impression on me.For example, the Qian hexagram symbolize the heaven and it means unlimited creativity.The Kun hexagram symbolize the land and it means maternal tolerance and tenacity.
Through the learning of I Ching,the perspective of life also hits my heart.Life just like the hexagrams ,it is changing.On the one hand,we may meet some surprises.On the other hand,we also meet some difficulties.The important thing is how to treat it.Hexagrams tell me that I have the chance to make mistakes and I won’t be charged.In conclusion,don’t afraid making faults,just go ahead bravely and improve ourselves continuously.Some of these ideas,as it happens,were reasonable ones,with limits.
I Ching,the great work,is worth reading over and over again.We will get many excellent ideas from it.
With the help of videos and practices, I have learned some basic knowledge about the origin of human beings , the content and the structure of I Ching. Hexagram is a symbol of fantasy and myth in my mind .However, when i grasp the content and structure of I Ching, I am fulling attracted by the wisdom of our ancients.
To be honest,it is so difficult for me to get out of the mess about the hexagrams and lines.But now, the deep meanings of the eight hexagrams have made a deep impression on me.For example, the Qian hexagram symbolize the heaven and it means unlimited creativity.The Kun hexagram symbolize the land and it means maternal tolerance and tenacity.
Through the learning of I Ching,the perspective of life also hits my heart.Life just like the hexagrams ,it is changing.On the one hand,we may meet some surprises.On the other hand,we also meet some difficulties.The important thing is how to treat it.Hexagrams tell me that I have the chance to make mistakes and I won’t be charged.In conclusion,don’t afraid making faults,just go ahead bravely and improve ourselves continuously.Some of these ideas,as it happens,were reasonable ones,with limits.
I Ching,the great work,is worth reading over and over again.We will get many excellent ideas from it.
After delving into the ancient Chinese texts, particularly the Book of Changes, I am struck by the profound insights into the human condition and the natural world. The hexagrams, with their combinations of yin and yang, offer a dynamic view of life's complexities. The concept of change being a constant, yet governed by a set of principles, resonates with the idea that adaptability is key to navigating life's challenges.
The imagery of the dragon, symbolizing power and transformation, is particularly intriguing. It suggests that we, as individuals, have the potential to rise above our circumstances, much like the dragon soaring through the skies. This metaphor inspires a sense of personal empowerment and growth.
However, I find myself pondering the practical applications of these ancient ideas in today's fast-paced world. How can the principles of balance and harmony, as exemplified by the interplay of yin and yang, be applied to modern issues such as technology and environmental concerns? Additionally, the emphasis on the importance of the 'middle way' raises questions about how to maintain equilibrium in a society that often seems to swing between extremes.
Overall, the Book of Changes provides a rich tapestry of philosophical thought that challenges and enlightens, leaving me with a deeper appreciation for the wisdom of the past and a curiosity about its relevance in the present.
After reading these passages, I learned a lot of knowledge about one of the earliest cultural text, I Ching, or the Book of Changes.
In the Book of changes, dragon plays an vital role as subject of improvement and development. It can represent the change of heaven, enterprising spirit and imply the course of life. For example, “Nine at the beginning”describes “Hidden dragon. Do not act.” or “Nine in the second place” describes “Dragon appearing in the field.” And our ancestor Yellow Emperor was also related to the image of dragon. Above all, I understand why we call ourselves the Descendants of dragon.
In traditional Chinese culture, we believe the culturally changing timeless elements of culture. Chinese scholars interpreted time and space concepts, lying on what we believe to have structured the world we live in. These have become our “Chinese mind”. One of major illustrations of Chinese mind are sixty-four hexagrams which combine six grams. Yin and Yang is also from sixty-four hexagrams.
In all, I deeply appreciate this fabulous book and I believe that there will be more profound content in the Book of Changes waiting for me to find.
From the introduction, I learned about the main centers and points of thought in China through the ages. From the Yellow Emperor, Nuwa, and Fuxi to the I Ching, the patriarchal system, and the emergence of the Hundred Schools of Thought during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, to the germination of Confucius' thought... Ideas are in a constant state of change, but in fact the center behind them is unchanged, they all speak of a unity of heaven and man, and harmony between man and nature.
The first chapter briefly describes the I Ching as well as focusing on the two trigrams of the I Ching, Qian and Kun. Qian and Kun are very important concepts in ancient Chinese philosophy and culture, originating from the I Ching, the two basic trigrams in the Eight Trigrams, representing the two extremes of yin and yang.
Qian Gua: symbolizes heaven, yang, masculinity, leadership, and creation. The Qian Hexagram consists of six yang lines, representing robustness, positivity, aggressiveness and leadership. In the I Ching, the lines of the Qian Gua describe the different stages in the development of things, such as “the submerged dragon should not be used”, “see the dragon in the field”, “the flying dragon in the sky”, etc., which implies that the individual or thing from the The whole process from latent to manifestation, and then to the final realization of the goal.
Kun Gua: symbolizes the earth, yin, female, assistant, cooperation. Kun Gua consists of six yin lines, representing suppleness, negativity, conservatism and obedience. In the I Ching, the lines of Kun Gua emphasize the importance of cooperation, support and collaboration, such as “Crawling on frost and ice to”, “Straight side of the big, not practice without disadvantage”, etc., reflecting the virtues and wisdom of Kun Gua in the auxiliary and cooperation.
The relationship between qian and kun reflects the philosophical idea that yin and yang are mutually exclusive and transform each other. In practical application, the concepts of Qian and Kun are widely used in many aspects of personal cultivation, business management, and social relations, emphasizing the importance of the balance of yin and yang and harmonious coexistence.
In modern society, the concepts of Qian and Kun are still of great revelation, reminding us to focus on the balance of yin and yang in dealing with all kinds of relationships, to give full play to their respective strengths, and to realize harmonious development.
As one of the classics of Chinese culture, I Ching has always been known as the first of the group classics and the source of the avenue. The upper part of the I Ching is mainly about governing the country and leveling the world, while the lower part of the book is mainly about solving personal and family problems. Before taking online classes, I had always been curious about the hexagrams in the I Ching.
I wondered: Why do you always mention dragons in the hexagrams? The dragon is the most noble animal in myths and legends, so it is enough to symbolize the supremacy of Qianyang. At the same time, dragons are fickle animals, capable of diving, walking and flying. The Qiangua is represented by dragons as: Hidden Dragon, Seeing Dragon, Ti Long, Leaping Dragon, Flying Dragon, and Kang Dragon, which show the whole process of Yang Qi germinating, growing, growing, and declining, suggesting the six stages of life. I think the qiandragon means the beginning of life struggle, the jian dragon means the time of small experiments, the ti dragon means the time of initial achievement, the leaping dragon means the beginning of success, the flying dragon means the time of great success, and the kang dragon refers to the time of the peak of career.
The text emphasizes the concept of change and the dynamic interplay between opposites, such as yin and yang. It teaches that wisdom lies in recognizing the fluid nature of reality and adapting accordingly. The I Ching also highlights the importance of moral integrity and alignment with natural order, suggesting that success comes from understanding and harmonizing with these fundamental principles.
Studying the I Ching provides valuable insights into strategy, ethics, and personal growth. Its enduring relevance stems from its ability to address universal human concerns and offer profound philosophical reflections on the nature of existence and transformation.
The "I Ching" is not merely a text of divination but a profound philosophical work that delves into the principles of change and harmony. Each hexagram in the I Ching is composed of six lines that can be either broken or unbroken, symbolizing yin and yang. These lines combine to form a picture of dynamic situations, reflecting both the state of affairs and potential outcomes.
The text provides interpretations that guide individuals in making decisions and understanding the deeper forces at play in their lives. It emphasizes that change is a fundamental aspect of existence and that aligning oneself with the natural flow of change leads to greater wisdom and success.
One of the key teachings of the I Ching is the importance of adapting to circumstances while maintaining personal integrity. It encourages readers to cultivate flexibility, patience, and awareness, advising them to respond to changes with thoughtful action rather than rigid adherence to fixed plans.
In essence, the I Ching serves as a timeless guide to navigating life’s complexities, offering insights into the cyclical nature of change and the pursuit of balance and harmony.
After reading the introduction and article related to the Book of Changes,I have a deeper understanding of our traditional Chinese culture. From the perspective of pre-leading, combined with our online courses,I realized that the image of the dargon has a very important position in Chinese culture,and even made me more identify with the identity of the descendant of the dargon.
Then,the part of introduction emphasizes the changes of time and space,and I can feel the charm of the Book of Changes and the wisdom of the ancients from historical texts.The Book of Changes presents a pattern of unique Chinese philosophy,using Yin and Yang for divination,and depicting the interaction between heaven,earth and man,guiding people's choices and actions.
What's more,the article first introduces Qian and Kun.Qian symbolizes heaven and Yang,which is the highest principle and the most offensive force.Kun,symbolizing earth and Yin,is the most fundamental matter and the most inclusive force.Qian also symbolizes the moral character and moral standards of the gentleman,with firm faith and the spirit of pursuing excellence.Kun is a symbol of human meekness and generosity,with an inclusibe mind ang humble attitude.
The I Ching (易经), also known as the Book of Changes, is one of the oldest Chinese classical texts, traditionally used as both a divination tool and a philosophical treatise. Its origins are believed to date back to over 3,000 years, during the Western Zhou dynasty, though its roots may extend even further into antiquity.
The I Ching is composed of 64 hexagrams. Each hexagram is a figure made up of six lines, either broken (yin) or solid (yang), representing the dynamic balance between opposing forces. Each hexagram has a name, an associated meaning, and explanatory text to guide interpretation. The 64 hexagrams are thought to represent all possible states of existence and the transitions between them.
At its core, the I Ching is about the principle of change and transformation, emphasizing the ever-shifting nature of reality. The yin-yang duality is central, symbolizing the interplay of opposites that generate change. The hexagrams illustrate various stages and circumstances, and by contemplating them, individuals can gain insight into how they should act or respond to current challenges.
After reading these two articles, I would like to discuss the issues raised.The connection between the Chinese people claiming to be "the descendants of the dragon" and the mythical characters Nuwa and Fuxi is mainly reflected in the following aspects:1. Mythical legends: According to mythological legends, Fuxi and N ü wa are the ancestors of the Chinese nation, depicted in the form of human headed snakes or human headed dragons. In these legends, Fuxi and N ü wa created the entire Chinese nation through reproduction, hence the Chinese nation calls itself the "descendants of the dragon".2. Totem Fusion: The formation of the dragon totem not only reflects the totem worship of the Fuxi tribe, but also embodies the diversity and inclusiveness of Chinese culture.3. Cultural symbolism: The dragon has profound symbolic significance in Chinese culture. It is not only a symbol of power, but also a symbol of wisdom, courage, and good luck. The Chinese people's worship and respect for the dragon reflects their respect for their ancestors and traditional culture.4. Bloodline relationship: Although there are different claims about the exact blood relationship between Fuxi and N ü wa, they are both considered to be the common ancestors of the Chinese nation. This recognition of kinship makes it easier for Chinese people to accept the term "descendants of the dragon" emotionally.There have been ten major capital relocations in Chinese history.
In the chapter one and the selected passages from the Book of Changes. I know that China or the ancient China and the ancient West, They have something in common that people always do what they should do or do what they want to depends on the books, Like the chapter one said, They are the texts of signs that directed the ancient people to certain choices and actions in the world. Also I learned about some Knowledges about Qian and Kun and they have a lot of meanings. If the nine is in a different place, they represent different meanings, but the moat impressive part about it is that they are always related to the dragons, whether Nine at the beginning or the Nine at the top, they all send us a message that everyone ia a dragon. And if you want to pursue your dreams or do what you want to do, you have to act like the Book of Changes told you, and it's very interesting that it always fulfill，maybe this is the magic and classic of the Book of Changes. There are still a lot of knowledge waiting for us yo remember, to learn.
"The Book of Changes" is an ancient Chinese divination and philosophical work, also considered one of the Confucian classics. Its development spanned a long historical process, dating back to the early Western Zhou period, and by the Western Han dynasty, it became one of the "Five Classics" of Confucianism. The core idea of "The Book of Change" is to elaborate on the laws of change in the universe. It uses the combinations of the eight trigrams and the sixty-four hexagrams to simulate and interpret various phenomena in nature and society.
After completing today's study, what interests me the most is the understanding of the concept of "the mean" or "moderation" within it.
"The Doctrine of the Mean" (Zhong Yong) is one of the core ideas of Confucianism, emphasizing the search for a suitable path amidst contradictions, avoiding conflict and excess, to achieve a state of peace and balance. This also indicates that "the Doctrine of the Mean" is not only an ideal state for personal cultivation but also a good strategy for social development. Modern Chinese people also value the way of "the Doctrine of the Mean", being modest and not arrogant, maintaining an inclusive and learning attitude, and continuously moving forward.
Of course, "the Doctrine of the Mean" does not discourage the pursuit of fame and fortune; rather, it emphasizes maintaining principles of fairness and moderation in competition, and not harming others or collective interests for one's own benefits. Practicing "the Doctrine of the Mean" also requires considerable wisdom and strength to grasp the principle of moderation. Just as "the mean" implies the ancestors' confidence in their own strength, "the Doctrine of the Mean" is also a reflection of an individual's absolute strength.
1.Sublimity: nobility in thought or feeling or style
2.Repent: feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about
3.Artifice: a deceptive maneuver
4.Retrogression: returning to a former state
二.My notes
1.Conclusion: The selected passages in the Book of Changes are short and easy to understand. They mainly introduce us to Qian and Kun, with Qian representing creativity and Kun representing receptive. Qian includes the nine at the beginning, nine in the second place, nine in the third place, nine in the fourth place, nine in the fifth place, nine at the top and all the lines are nines. And the Kun includes six at the beginning,six in the second place,six in the third place,six in the fourth place,six in the fifth place,six at the top and all lines are sixes. Each part has its own profound meaning
2.The most impressive part to me:
“Dragon appearing in the field”,“All day long the superior man is creatively active”and “Hidden lines. One is albe to remain persevering”，just a few words let me know that I should carry forward the virtue, persist in the right way for a long time, and be good at keeping silent, hiding myself, depositing myself, and then strive to improve myself, without ostentation or excessive showing off.
3.My harvest and reflection
The universe represents heaven and earth respectively, symbolizing the two basic forces of the universe. First of all, "Heaven moves forever vigorously, likewise,a superior man strives on his own initiative constantly" tells us that no matter what challenges we face, we should maintain a positive and optimistic attitude, constantly improve and innovate. Second, "The superior man,who has breadth of character, carries the outer world." shows that we need to comply with the law of nature and the importance of social changes, tolerance and understanding of others. It also makes me understand that the balance of Yin and Yang is the key to social and personal harmony. These ancient wisdom is still relevant today, and it is worth reading and thinking about it again and again to discover its meaning.
The "I Ching" or "The Book of Changes" is an ancient and profound Chinese classic. Reading selected parts of it offers many insights.
One key aspect is the concept of yin and yang, symbolizing duality in the universe. For example, in the hexagrams, the arrangement of broken and unbroken lines represents different states of being. It teaches us about balance and transformation.
Another interesting point is the idea of divination in the "I Ching." Although it may seem superstitious to some, it reflects the ancient Chinese's pursuit of understanding the future and making wise decisions based on the patterns and meanings within the text. Overall, studying the selected passages broadens our view of ancient Chinese philosophy.
The Book of Changes is the oldest divination book that has been passed down to the present day, and its mysterious form contains extremely rich wisdom. It uses the opposites of Yin and Yang to explain heaven, earth and man, infer the past and predict the future, expounding the absoluteness of things under different conditions, and affirming the relativity of things, which contains profound philosophical principles.Everything in the world is the movement of change, people from children - youth - old age - death - the process of returning to nature, the same is true of plants, in essence, any material is to follow this law, so we apply the development of the point of view. Things are interconnected, and we need to look at things from a holistic, dichotomous point of view.
Through today's learning, I know the I Ching is one of the most ancient and influential texts in Chinese philosophy and culture. It is one of the Five Classics (Wujing) in Confucian tradition and has played a crucial role in shaping Chinese thought, governance, and culture. Also,the I Ching has influenced various schools of thought in China, including Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism. Its principles are also reflected in modern interpretations and practices related to decision-making, strategy, and personal growth.
Three Core Concepts:
1.Yin and Yang: These are fundamental concepts representing complementary forces in the universe. Yin is associated with qualities such as passivity, darkness, while Yang represents activity, light, and assertiveness. The interplay between Yin and Yang creates balance and drives change.
2.Eight Trigrams (八卦): The trigrams are composed of three lines each, which can be either broken (Yin) or unbroken (Yang). Each trigram represents fundamental natural elements and principles.
3.Sixty-Four Hexagrams（六十四卦）: Formed by combining the eight trigrams, these hexagrams offer a complex system for understanding various situations and guiding decision-making. Each hexagram has its own unique meaning and interpretation.
Hexagram 1: Qian (乾):Image: The Creative (Heaven)“The creative works sublime success. Furthering through perseverance.”in the text.
Interpretation: This hexagram symbolizes strength, creativity, and initiative. It suggests that success is achieved through consistent and determined action. The emphasis is on active and unyielding effort.
Hexagram 2: Kun (坤):Image: The Receptive (Earth)“The receptive brings about success. Through perseverance, a noble man carries out the great work.”in the text
Interpretation: This hexagram represents receptivity, support, and nurturing. It highlights the importance of humility and persistence. Success comes from being supportive, embracing and responding to the needs around you.
The I Ching is a profound text that encapsulates deep philosophical insights through its hexagrams and trigrams. Its concepts of Yin and Yang, as well as the symbolic meanings of the hexagrams, offer a framework for understanding the society.
After reading the introduction, I was deeply impressed by the profound depth of Chinese culture and its profound impact on worldview and the life philosophy. The Changes and its 64 hexagrams mentioned in the article are not only the crystallization of ancient Chinese wisdom, but also an important tool for understanding the relationship between the universe and human society. These ancient texts, through the interaction of yin and yang, heaven and earth, and man, reveal the delicate connection between natural laws and human life, providing us with wisdom on how to maintain balance and adapt in a constantly changing world. Among them, the concept of yin and yang is the core of Chinese philosophy, and the article explains how yin and yang interact in nature and human society through the 64 hexagrams. The fusion and balance of yin and yang is not only a manifestation of natural laws, but also the cornerstone of harmonious coexistence in human society. The word "zhong" mentioned in the article is not only the name of a country, but also a pursuit of balance and harmony. This pursuit was later reflected in the dynasties, where they tried to place the political and economic center at the center of the world to consolidate their rule and influence. Meanwhile, in modern society, we are facing unprecedented challenges and changes. By learning and understanding the wisdom of Chinese traditional culture, we can better cope with these challenges. For example, the principle of "the middle way" teaches us how to maintain calm and rationality in the face of complex problems and avoid going to extremes. The concept of change in the Changes reminds us to be flexible in adapting to environmental changes and constantly adjust our strategies and actions.
The Book of Changes, aslo known as I Ching, is a profound ancient wisdom. After reading and realizing this book, I have some understanding on life.
It presents a dynamic view of the universe and life. Through hexagrams and their interpretations, it offers insights into the ever- changing nature of things.
It teaches us that life is a series of transformations . We should be adaptable and flexible like the flowing water, ready to embrace changes. The I Ching reminds us to observe the signs around us and make wise decisions. It encourages us to seek balance and harmony in all aspects of life. Truly, it's a timeless source of inspiration and guidance.
After reading the I Ching, I am deeply impressed by its vastness and profoundness. It takes yin and yang as its basic concepts, and through the changes of the 64 hexagrams, it reveals the laws of development of everything in the universe.
The I Ching emphasizes the eternity of change, reminding us to adapt to the times and be flexible. In real life, we should learn to adjust our strategies in the face of changing circumstances. At the same time, it teaches us to maintain a neutral and peaceful mindset, not to be discouraged in difficult times and not to be arrogant in good times. For example, when we encounter setbacks at work, we can draw strength from the trigrams and face them with a resilient heart.
The I Ching is an ancient classic full of wisdom. It not only has profound philosophical connotations, but also provides us with a unique way of thinking and values. It is an endless treasure, worthy of our repeated taste and in-depth exploration, from which we continue to obtain the inspiration and wisdom of life. The hexagrams and lines are full of wisdom, giving life inspiration. It is an ancient philosophical work, but also a treasure trove for life, work and dealing with people.
The period of early Chinese culture has long passed but its deep impact remains in us. In the early Chinese culture, people worshiped mystical dragon and until now we still acclaim ourselves to be the descendants of dragon. That is because Nv Wa and Fu Xi who are said to be the creators of Chinese society are the offsprings of dragon. As an emblem, dragon satisfies our imagination of origination and promises us a life of blessings.
In The Book of Changes, hexagrams constitute eight hexagrams grams and hexagrams combine the heaven, earth and human together to demonstrate the governing rule of the universe. Qian and Kun are two prime and related hexagrams among them, both of which are composed of six lines called yin or yang. Each of those lines has its name and implication. The way to understand Qian and Kun is to read it from bottom to the top. Generally speaking, Qian and Kun represent the overall development of universe and humans from the different perspectives. These two hexagrams indicate that obstacles are unescapable in the process of changes and everything has its end. However, Qian tells progress about great men who desire to lead while Kun is about humble men in the position of assistants. I also assume the advance in Qian is faster than that in Kun. Besides, there is relationship between two. When six lines are all yang or yin, Qian and Kun can change into each other both in the form and implication. As a consequence, it is believed everything should be done by the doctrine of the mean otherwise failure is inevitable.
My question for the first chapter is that why did ancient people connect the yin and yang to the female and male, how did the eight hexagrams come into being and for what reasons did ancient people accept it as the guidance for almost everything.
In Chapter 1 "Spatial and Temporal Ideas of Early Chinese Culture" we learn that there is a kind of "Chinese mind" for us to understand the universe and human society. This idea inspires me and I find it true in our daily lives. When there are conflicts between my friends and me, the first way to solve the problem is to deal with it gently and harmoniously. This reflects the "harmony" in Chinese culture, which is also known as "He".
To further explore the early "Chinese mindset", we learn more knowledge from the Book of Changes. We concentrate on two hexagrams - Qian and Kun. Qian: The Creative, represents the number nine of the I Ching, and when all the lines are nines, it means: A flight of headless dragons will appear. Good luck. Kun: The Receptive, represents number six. If all the lines are sixes, it means: Perseverance goes further. These hexagrams not only reflect the wisdom of the ancients, but also show the glamorous page of Chinese culture, and convey to us a value of dealing with people in the world, which is a good guideline for us English major to learn from.
When we discuss "Chinese Traditional Culture," we are reminded of the ever-changing yet enduring cultural elements that have been passed down through history, shaping our cultural identity. These elements are embedded in our historical texts, which serve as a testament to the rich heritage of our ancestors.
In exploring the origins of Chinese culture, we encounter classics that encapsulate the fundamental concepts of time and space, as interpreted by Chinese scholars. These concepts form the foundation of our understanding of the world and reflect the unique "Chinese way of thinking." One striking example is the I Ching, or Book of Changes, which presents 64 hexagrams composed of six lines representing yin (feminine, receptive) and yang (masculine, active). These hexagrams serve as symbolic texts, guiding the ancient Chinese in making choices and taking actions in the world.
The I Ching emphasizes adaptability and the middle way, reminding individuals of the constantly shifting nature of social status and life's circumstances. The cyclical sense of time and the concept of "zhong" (center) reflect the Chinese pursuit of balance and harmony. This is evident in the Chinese tendency to place their political and economic centers in the heart of the land, symbolizing their self-identification as the center of the world.
Furthermore, the article "The Announcement of The Duke of Shao" exemplifies how these traditions influenced historical decisions. It showcases how a kingdom, based on early concepts of time and space, made the critical decision to relocate its capital at a pivotal moment in its destiny.
Understanding these enduring elements of Chinese traditional culture fosters a deeper appreciation for the wisdom and legacy of our ancestors. By embracing these traditions and recognizing their significance, we can gain a greater understanding of our cultural identity and the world around us.
After reading Qian and Kun in the Book of Changes, we learn that Qian hexagram symbolizes the heaven, showing a spirit of firmness, enterprising, and continuous self - improvement. It makes people realize that on the road of life, one should have the courage to move forward and be brave in exploring, continuously pursue self - growth and progress, just like the celestial bodies running ceaselessly.Kun hexagram represents the earth, reflecting the characteristics of softness, tolerance, and great virtue to carry all things. This inspires people to learn to accept and bear, accommodate all things with a broad mind, and understand that besides the pursuit of strength, there is a kind of gentle and inclusive power, which is the foundation for the growth of all things. Therefore, in life, we should be aggressive, not afraid of difficulties, and move forward bravely. At the same time, we should also have great virtue to carry all things, tolerate others, and face things with a calm and gentle attitude.
It is Chinese mind to understand the universe and human society about time and space
Sixty-four hexagrams :six grams either of yin or yang, depicting the interacting among the earth, the human and the heaven.
Book:I Ching / the Book of Changes(directed the ancient people to certain choices and actions in the world)
Selected Passage From The Book of Changes: it talks about Qian and Kun hexagrams
Qian: the Creative works sublime success, furthering through perseverance: sublimity, potentiality of success, power to further, perseverance. And then, it stated the six lines’ symbols. “Heaven moves forever vigorously,likewise, a superior man strives on his own initiative constantly.” expound further the specific connotation of Qian hexagram.
Kun :The Receptive brings about sublime success, furthering through the perseverance of a mare.
The sentence “The earth’s condition is receptive devotion. Thus the superior man, who has breadth of character,carries the outer world.”also expound further the specific connotation of Kun hexagram.
With heaven and earth, there can be the ever-changing of all things. Without heaven and earth, there would be no change in all things. Corresponding to this, with the Qian and Kun hexagrams, can give birth to six children, form eight diagrams, deduce 64 hexagrams. To symbolize the change of heaven and earth. Without the two hexagrams, there would be no Yi. So it is important to illustrate the two hexagrams at the beginning of the whole book.
After reading the selected chapters of The Book of Changes, I have a deeper understanding of the Qian divination and the Kun divination in the Book of Changes.
Qian divination is composed of six yang hexagrams, representing heaven and symbolizing unlimited creative power. Its divinatory words "Yuan, Heng, Li and Zhen" emphasize the positive aspects of divination, that is, beginning, access, advantage and solidity. The interpretation of Qian emphasizes the importance of leadership and execution, as well as showing one's talents at an appropriate time. Kun divination consists of six yin hexagrams, which represent the land and symbolize that the growth range has no boundaries. Its divinatory words "Yuan, Heng and Li are the chastity of horses" show that the characteristics of Kun hexagrams are to follow and cooperate, just as a mare follows a stallion, and move forward in a direction. The interpretation of Kun divination emphasizes the importance of pliancy and tolerance, and maintains a positive and solid attitude in the correct position.
In addition, both Qian divination and the Kun divination contain rich life wisdom and philosophical thoughts. Qian divination emphasizes the spirit of self-improvement and encourages people to make continuous efforts, face challenges bravely and realize self-growth. Secondly, Qian divination also mentioned the principle that “ Hidden dragon, Do not act " and " Arrogant dragon will have cause to repent" , that is, when the strength is insufficient, it should stand by and wait, and should not move rashly; When the opportunity comes, we should seize the most favorable opportunity and succeed in one fell swoop. These principles can help people to adopt appropriate methods and attitudes at different stages of life and achieve personal and social progress.Kun divination emphasized "the superior man, who has breadth of character, carries the outer world", tolerated others' shortcomings, and achieved harmonious coexistence. Secondly, Kun divination also mentioned the principle of full cooperation, sincere support and full of happiness to fulfill others, and emphasized that we should learn to listen and understand in interpersonal relationships and tolerate the shortcomings of others. These principles can help people achieve harmony and progress in interpersonal relationships.
Through reading selections from "The Book of Changes," I further felt the profoundness and wisdom of ancient Chinese philosophy.
I studied the "Qian" and "Kun" hexagrams. "Qian" represents heaven, yang, and strength, while "Kun" represents earth, yin, and gentleness. The core idea of "Qian" is perseverance, and "Kun" emphasizes inclusiveness and adapting to nature.The topmost line in "Qian" hexagram teaches us that after achieving success, we must remain humble and cautious. This idea is equally important in modern society, reminding us to stay grounded and avoid arrogance."Kun" hexagram taught me how to handle interpersonal relationships and face life's challenges. It depicts a scene of "dragons fighting in the meadow, their blood black and yellow," symbolizing the competition of yin and yang forces. It embodies the spirit of inclusiveness, bearing, and adapting to natural laws."The Book of Changes" mentions that a person who remains humble will not be disturbed by external influences. This tells us that in our personal growth, we must be mature and steady.
Reading selections from "The Book of Changes" not only deepened my understanding of traditional culture but also provided methods to cope with challenges and difficulties in modern society.This wisdom reflects the cultural consciousness that Chinese people have developed over many years: we Chinese have always adhered to the principles of humility and steadiness, which are typical characteristics of our people.
After reading the introduction，I kown the culturally changing timeless elements of the culture ，since what we regard as the traditions have passed along history and survived into our world for the fact that they have defined our cultural identity.I learned where our genetic DNA came from and Why has our culture been uninterrupted for thousands of years.The desire to avoid unexpected transformations between yin and yang has also led to a Chinese romance with the word, "the middle", the very name of the country, and foreshadows later dynasties' relentless efforts to place their political and economic center at the heart of the land, the Central Plain, and their self-identification as the world center for centuries to come.
Our president * have quoted “The Image ：Heaven moves forever vigorously，likewise ，a superior man strives on his own initiative constantly.” At first I didn't know what it meant, but I thought it was a motivational statement，after I read this excerpt from the I Ching, I understand the cultural characteristics of Chinese people.A gentleman should do things, like the day, self-strive to progress, resolute, hard work, never stop; The momentum of the earth is thick and smooth, and the gentleman should increase the virtue and accommodate all things.As the new youth of the new era, we should integrate the excellent qualities taught by these excellent traditional cultures into our daily life and study, and strive to improve ourselves.
The Yin-Yang theory is the foundation of the I Ching, which holds that all things in the world are composed of two opposing yet interdependent forces: Yin and Yang. The dynamic balance and interaction between these forces are the essence of the universe. By understanding and applying the principles of Yin and Yang, one can better grasp the changes and developments in things. Yin and Yang are the fundamental principles governing the generation and transformation of all things in the universe. They are both opposing and unifying, interdependent and intertransformable. This simple yet profound dialectical thought has made me deeply appreciate the dynamic balance in the development of things. Through its symbolic hexagrams, the I Ching reveals the endless mysteries of the changes between Yin and Yang, reminding me that in real life, we should learn to go with the flow of nature, seize the opportunities presented by change, and not be constrained by a static mindset.
The I Ching emphasizes that change is the constant of the universe. By observing the changes in hexagrams, people can understand the patterns of change in nature, social life, and personal behavior. The I Ching emphasizes the unity of "change" and "constancy." Behind the complex and varied phenomena of the world, there exist unchanging patterns. The arrangement and combination of the sixty-four hexagrams in the I Ching symbolize the sixty-four basic situations in the universe and human life, each with its specific meaning and guiding principles. This realization teaches me that regardless of how the external environment changes, we should maintain inner peace and steadfastness, adhering to the fundamental laws of nature and society, to achieve a harmonious coexistence.
After reading the introduction and the first chapter of Changes and the book of Changes, is one of the foundational texts of traditional Chinese culture, embodying the philosophical and cosmological concepts that have shaped the Chinese mind for millennia. The sixtyfour hexagrams, each composed of six lines (either yin or yang), represent the dynamic interplay between heaven, earth, and humanity, reflecting the cyclical nature of time and the ever-changing conditions of life.
The first hexagram, Qian (The Creative), symbolizes the masculine, initiating principle of yang. It is associated with the qualities of sublimity, potentiality, power to further, and perseverance. The hexagram's lines describe the stages of growth and development, from the initial "hidden dragon" (yang qi just beginning to stir) to the "flying dragon in the heavens" (the great man achieving his potential). The cautionary line "Arrogant dragon will have cause to repent" warns against overreaching and staying too long in one's prime, emphasizing the need for adaptability and humility.
The image of "heaven moves forever vigorously" suggests that the superior man, like the eternal movement of heaven, should constantly strive on his own initiative. This aligns with the Confucian ideal of self-cultivation and continuous moral improvement.
In contrast, the second hexagram, Kun (The Receptive), represents the feminine, negative principle of yin. It emphasizes the qualities of receptivity, perseverance, and following rather than leading. The hexagram advises the superior man to "follow" and find guidance, rather than trying to lead, which can lead him astray. The lines describe various stages of receptivity, from the initial "hoarfrost underfoot" to the "dragons fight in the meadow," symbolizing the ultimate struggle between yin and yang.
The line "A yellow lower garment brings supreme good fortune" highlights the importance of the middle course (the Doctrine of the Mean) in maintaining balance and harmony. Yellow, being the color of the center, symbolizes the ideal balance between yin and yang.Hexagrams are not just divination tools but profound philosophical texts that encapsulate the Chinese worldview. They reflect the belief that the universe is structured by the interplay of yin and yang, and that human life, like the cosmos, is in a state of constant flux. The cyclical nature of time, as embodied in the sexagenary cycle (combining the ten heavenly stems and twelve earthly branches), underscores the idea that change is the only constant.
The emphasis on the middle course, or the Doctrine of the Mean, is a recurring theme in Chinese philosophy. It suggests that the path to harmony and success lies in maintaining balance and avoiding extremes. This concept has influenced Chinese political and cultural history, with dynasties striving to position their capitals at the heart of the Central Plain, symbolizing their centrality and world-centric view.
Conclusion
Hexagrams provide a window into the early Chinese philosophical mindset, illustrating the fundamental concepts of time, space, and the interaction between heaven, earth, and humanity. Through the dynamic interplay of yin and yang, the text offers timeless lessons on adaptability, perseverance, and the pursuit of the middle way. These principles continue to resonate in Chinese culture, shaping its identity and worldview.
After two weeks of video learning and combining the knowledge from the first chapter, I have gained a deeper understanding of the traditional Chinese classic work I Ching with Chinese mind.
Firstly，the chapter raises intriguing questions about the cultural significance of the dragon in Chinese history and its relation to the self-identification as "Descendants of the Dragon." It also discusses the geopolitical implications of Matteo Ricci's world map, commissioned by Emperor Wanli, which placed China at the center, reflecting the historical perception of China as the world's nucleus.
Secondly, the chapter's exploration of the I Ching's hexagrams and their philosophical implications piqued my interest in the concept of "the middle" or "the Doctrine of the Mean"(page 14）as a cultural and political ideal. This led me to ponder a question: How has the pursuit of this centrality influenced China's historical and modern development, and what are its implications for its global identity today?
The idea of centrality, as expressed in the I Ching, seems to have been a driving force behind China's historical decisions, such as the relocation of capitals to maintain a central position in the land, reflecting a desire for balance and control. This pursuit of centrality is not just a physical relocation but also a symbolic assertion of cultural and political significance. However, this pursuit also raises questions about the balance between maintaining a central position and adapting to a rapidly changing world. The I Ching's teachings emphasize the importance of flexibility and adaptation, suggesting that rigidity can lead to downfall.
In conclusion, the chapter 1 and the video provide me with a fascinating insight into the cultural and philosophical underpinnings of Chinese history and its influence on the present. The concept of centrality, as explored in the I Ching, offers a profound understanding of China's historical actions and its aspirations in the modern world. It serves as a reminder of the importance of balance and adaptability in the face of change, both for individuals and for nations.
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