3.Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
• Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
• Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
In this example, the choice of intonation significantly affects the speaker's intended meaning and how the listener interprets the message. It demonstrates how intonation plays a vital role in shaping the soul of language by conveying nuanced information and influencing communication dynamics.
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Unit Eight Intonation
1. What are the most commonly used nuclear tones in English? Can you name some of the utterance meanings of these nuclear tones?
2. What are the three sub-systems of English intonation? What roles do they play in communication?
3. Roger Kingdon once said: “Intonation is the soul of language”. Do you agree? Please use one example to illustrate your point.
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- The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
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Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
-
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
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Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
- The three sub-systems of English intonation are:
-
Pitch contour: It refers to the pattern of pitch movements within an utterance, including the rise, fall, or combination of rise and fall. Pitch contour helps convey information about the speaker's attitude, emphasis, sentence type (declarative, interrogative), and other aspects of meaning.
-
Tonal movement: It refers to the overall direction and pattern of pitch changes across a sequence of words or phrases. It helps to convey the melodic flow and rhythm of speech and assists in grouping words together.
-
Tonal placement: It refers to the location of prominent or stressed syllables within an utterance. Tonal placement helps distinguish between important and less important information, convey emphasis or contrast, and aid in the organization of information in speech.
These three sub-systems of intonation work together to shape the melodic and rhythmic aspects of English speech, conveying information beyond the literal meanings of words.
- Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
- Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
- Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
In this example, the choice of intonation significantly affects the speaker's intended meaning and how the listener interprets the message. It demonstrates how intonation plays a vital role in shaping the soul of language by conveying nuanced information and influencing communication dynamics.
-
- The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
-
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
-
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
-
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
-
- Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
- Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
- Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
-
- The three sub-systems of English intonation are:
-
Pitch contour: It refers to the pattern of pitch movements within an utterance, including the rise, fall, or combination of rise and fall. Pitch contour helps convey information about the speaker's attitude, emphasis, sentence type (declarative, interrogative), and other aspects of meaning.
-
Tonal movement: It refers to the overall direction and pattern of pitch changes across a sequence of words or phrases. It helps to convey the melodic flow and rhythm of speech and assists in grouping words together.
-
Tonal placement: It refers to the location of prominent or stressed syllables within an utterance. Tonal placement helps distinguish between important and less important information, convey emphasis or contrast, and aid in the organization of information in speech.
-
The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
-
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
- The three sub-systems of English intonation are:
-
Pitch contour: It refers to the pattern of pitch movements within an utterance, including the rise, fall, or combination of rise and fall. Pitch contour helps convey information about the speaker's attitude, emphasis, sentence type (declarative, interrogative), and other aspects of meaning.
-
Tonal movement: It refers to the overall direction and pattern of pitch changes across a sequence of words or phrases. It helps to convey the melodic flow and rhythm of speech and assists in grouping words together.
-
Tonal placement: It refers to the location of prominent or stressed syllables within an utterance. Tonal placement helps distinguish between important and less important information, convey emphasis or contrast, and aid in the organization of information in speech.
-
These three sub-systems of intonation work together to shape the melodic and rhythmic aspects of English speech, conveying information beyond the literal meanings of words.
- Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
- Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
- Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
In this example, the choice of intonation significantly affects the speaker's intended meaning and how the listener interprets the message. It demonstrates how intonation plays a vital role in shaping the soul of language by conveying nuanced information and influencing communication dynamics.
-
- The most commonly used nuclear tones in English are falling, rising, and falling-rising tones. Each of these tones conveys different utterance meanings:
-
Falling tone: This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It is often used at the end of statements, indicating completion or finality. For example, the falling tone in "I'll see you tomorrow" suggests a statement of fact.
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Rising tone: This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used in yes/no questions, indicating uncertainty or seeking confirmation. For example, the rising tone in "Are you coming?" signals a question.
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Falling-rising tone: This tone combines a fall followed by a rise in pitch. It is often used in choices or alternative questions, indicating contrast or emphasis. For example, the falling-rising tone in "Do you want coffee or tea?" highlights the options and implies a contrast between the two choices.
These nuclear tones, along with variations in pitch, duration, and intensity, contribute to the expressive and communicative aspects of spoken language.
2.The three sub-systems of English intonation are tonality, tonicity, and tonicity-tune. They play important roles in communication:
-
Tonality: This sub-system refers to the use of different tones to convey the attitude or mood of an utterance. It helps express emotions, such as surprise, excitement, or irritation, and adds additional meaning to the words being spoken.
-
Tonicity: This sub-system refers to the prominence or emphasis given to certain words or syllables within an utterance. It helps convey the speaker's intended focus or importance. By highlighting specific words or information, tonicity helps shape the overall meaning and interpretation of the utterance.
-
Tonicity-tune: This sub-system refers to the variations in pitch, contour, and melodic patterns within an utterance. It contributes to the overall melody or musicality of speech and helps convey nuances of meaning, such as sarcasm, irony, or emphasis.
Together, these sub-systems of intonation enhance the communicative effectiveness of spoken language by conveying emotions, highlighting important information, and adding subtle shades of meaning.
3.I agree with the statement that "Intonation is the soul of language" to a great extent. Intonation plays a vital role in conveying emotions, attitudes, and intentions, adding depth and richness to spoken language. It helps shape the meaning and interpretation of utterances beyond the literal words being spoken.
For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were stupid." Depending on the intonation used, it can have different implications. If spoken with a falling tone on "stupid," it can convey a defensive or indignant tone, emphasizing that the speaker didn't use such a harsh term. On the other hand, if spoken with a rising tone on "stupid," it can imply a clarification or a denial of a specific accusation.
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The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
The three sub-systems of English intonation are:
Pitch contour: It refers to the pattern of pitch movements within an utterance, including the rise, fall, or combination of rise and fall. Pitch contour helps convey information about the speaker's attitude, emphasis, sentence type (declarative, interrogative), and other aspects of meaning.
Tonal movement: It refers to the overall direction and pattern of pitch changes across a sequence of words or phrases. It helps to convey the melodic flow and rhythm of speech and assists in grouping words together.
Tonal placement: It refers to the location of prominent or stressed syllables within an utterance. Tonal placement helps distinguish between important and less important information, convey emphasis or contrast, and aid in the organization of information in speech.
These three sub-systems of intonation work together to shape the melodic and rhythmic aspects of English speech, conveying information beyond the literal meanings of words.
Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
In this example, the choice of intonation significantly affects the speaker's intended meaning and how the listener interprets the message. It demonstrates how intonation plays a vital role in shaping the soul of language by conveying nuanced information and influencing communication dynamics.
-
The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
-
The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
The three sub-systems of English intonation are:
Pitch contour: It refers to the pattern of pitch movements within an utterance, including the rise, fall, or combination of rise and fall. Pitch contour helps convey information about the speaker's attitude, emphasis, sentence type (declarative, interrogative), and other aspects of meaning.
Tonal movement: It refers to the overall direction and pattern of pitch changes across a sequence of words or phrases. It helps to convey the melodic flow and rhythm of speech and assists in grouping words together.
Tonal placement: It refers to the location of prominent or stressed syllables within an utterance. Tonal placement helps distinguish between important and less important information, convey emphasis or contrast, and aid in the organization of information in speech.
These three sub-systems of intonation work together to shape the melodic and rhythmic aspects of English speech, conveying information beyond the literal meanings of words.
Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
In this example, the choice of intonation significantly affects the speaker's intended meaning and how the listener interprets the message. It demonstrates how intonation plays a vital role in shaping the soul of language by conveying nuanced information and influencing communication dynamics.
-
The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
-
1. Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
-
2.The three sub-systems of English intonation are tonality, tonicity, and tonicity-tune. They play important roles in communication:
-
Tonality: This sub-system refers to the use of different tones to convey the attitude or mood of an utterance. It helps express emotions, such as surprise, excitement, or irritation, and adds additional meaning to the words being spoken.
-
Tonicity: This sub-system refers to the prominence or emphasis given to certain words or syllables within an utterance. It helps convey the speaker's intended focus or importance. By highlighting specific words or information, tonicity helps shape the overall meaning and interpretation of the utterance.
-
Tonicity-tune: This sub-system refers to the variations in pitch, contour, and melodic patterns within an utterance. It contributes to the overall melody or musicality of speech and helps convey nuances of meaning, such as sarcasm, irony, or emphasis.
Together, these sub-systems of intonation enhance the communicative effectiveness of spoken language by conveying emotions, highlighting important information, and adding subtle shades of meaning.
3. I agree. Intonation can indicate a variety of attitudes without a change of wording. The falll on the major declaratives can express finality, definteness, liveliness and involvement. The Low Rise preceded by a high head sounds encouraging or even patronizing while the Low Rise preceded by other low syllables is complaining.
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- The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
-
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
-
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
-
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
- The three sub-systems of English intonation are:
-
Pitch contour: It refers to the pattern of pitch movements within an utterance, including the rise, fall, or combination of rise and fall. Pitch contour helps convey information about the speaker's attitude, emphasis, sentence type (declarative, interrogative), and other aspects of meaning.
-
Tonal movement: It refers to the overall direction and pattern of pitch changes across a sequence of words or phrases. It helps to convey the melodic flow and rhythm of speech and assists in grouping words together.
-
Tonal placement: It refers to the location of prominent or stressed syllables within an utterance. Tonal placement helps distinguish between important and less important information, convey emphasis or contrast, and aid in the organization of information in speech.
These three sub-systems of intonation work together to shape the melodic and rhythmic aspects of English speech, conveying information beyond the literal meanings of words.
- Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
- Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
- Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
In this example, the choice of intonation significantly affects the speaker's intended meaning and how the listener interprets the message. It demonstrates how intonation plays a vital role in shaping the soul of language by conveying nuanced information and influencing communication dynamics.
-
- The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
-
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
-
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
-
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
-
- The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
-
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
-
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
-
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
-
The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
-
- The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
-
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
-
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
-
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
-
2.The three sub-systems of English intonation are:
-
Pitch contour: It refers to the pattern of pitch movements within an utterance, including the rise, fall, or combination of rise and fall. Pitch contour helps convey information about the speaker's attitude, emphasis, sentence type (declarative, interrogative), and other aspects of meaning.
-
Tonal movement: It refers to the overall direction and pattern of pitch changes across a sequence of words or phrases. It helps to convey the melodic flow and rhythm of speech and assists in grouping words together.
-
Tonal placement: It refers to the location of prominent or stressed syllables within an utterance. Tonal placement helps distinguish between important and less important information, convey emphasis or contrast, and aid in the organization of information in speech.
-
-
3. Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
- Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
- Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
In this example, the choice of intonation significantly affects the speaker's intended meaning and how the listener interprets the message. It demonstrates how intonation plays a vital role in shaping the soul of language by conveying nuanced information and influencing communication dynamics.
-
The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
The three sub-systems of English intonation are:
Pitch contour: It refers to the pattern of pitch movements within an utterance, including the rise, fall, or combination of rise and fall. Pitch contour helps convey information about the speaker's attitude, emphasis, sentence type (declarative, interrogative), and other aspects of meaning.
Tonal movement: It refers to the overall direction and pattern of pitch changes across a sequence of words or phrases. It helps to convey the melodic flow and rhythm of speech and assists in grouping words together.
Tonal placement: It refers to the location of prominent or stressed syllables within an utterance. Tonal placement helps distinguish between important and less important information, convey emphasis or contrast, and aid in the organization of information in speech.
These three sub-systems of intonation work together to shape the melodic and rhythmic aspects of English speech, conveying information beyond the literal meanings of words.
Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
In this example, the choice of intonation significantly affects the speaker's intended meaning and how the listener interprets the message. It demonstrates how intonation plays a vital role in shaping the soul of language by conveying nuanced information and influencing communication dynamics.
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The three sub-systems of English intonation are:
• Pitch contour: It refers to the pattern of pitch movements within an utterance, including the rise, fall, or combination of rise and fall. Pitch contour helps convey information about the speaker's attitude, emphasis, sentence type (declarative, interrogative), and other aspects of meaning.
• Tonal movement: It refers to the overall direction and pattern of pitch changes across a sequence of words or phrases. It helps to convey the melodic flow and rhythm of speech and assists in grouping words together.
• Tonal placement: It refers to the location of prominent or stressed syllables within an utterance. Tonal placement helps distinguish between important and less important information, convey emphasis or contrast, and aid in the organization of information in speech.
English intonation includes tonality, nonicity and tone. Tonality is the division of continuous speech into tone units. It can help to organize information, emphasis information and indicate syntactic structure. Tonicity is the placement of the tonic syllable. It plays a major role in emphasising information. Tone is the choice of melody, including falling, rising and fall-rise tone. It indicates the speaker's attitutes, emotion, etc.
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The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
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- The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
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Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
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Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
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Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
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1.The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
Falling tone. Rising tone. Fall-rise tone. The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention and information
2.The three sub-systems of English intonation are:Pitch contour, Tonal movement, Tonal placement.
These three sub-systems of intonation work together to shape the melodic and rhythmic aspects of English speech, conveying information beyond the literal meanings of words.
3.Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
In this example, the choice of intonation significantly affects the speaker's intended meaning and how the listener interprets the message. It demonstrates how intonation plays a vital role in shaping the soul of language by conveying nuanced information and influencing communication dynamics.
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- The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
-
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
-
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
-
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
The utterance meanings of these nuclear tones can vary depending on the specific context, linguistic elements, and speaker's intention.
- The three sub-systems of English intonation are:
-
Pitch contour: It refers to the pattern of pitch movements within an utterance, including the rise, fall, or combination of rise and fall. Pitch contour helps convey information about the speaker's attitude, emphasis, sentence type (declarative, interrogative), and other aspects of meaning.
-
Tonal movement: It refers to the overall direction and pattern of pitch changes across a sequence of words or phrases. It helps to convey the melodic flow and rhythm of speech and assists in grouping words together.
-
Tonal placement: It refers to the location of prominent or stressed syllables within an utterance. Tonal placement helps distinguish between important and less important information, convey emphasis or contrast, and aid in the organization of information in speech.
These three sub-systems of intonation work together to shape the melodic and rhythmic aspects of English speech, conveying information beyond the literal meanings of words.
- Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
- Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
- Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
In this example, the choice of intonation significantly affects the speaker's intended meaning and how the listener interprets the message. It demonstrates how intonation plays a vital role in shaping the soul of language by conveying nuanced information and influencing communication dynamics.
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1. The most commonly used nuclear tones in English include the following:
-
Falling tone (F): This tone starts at a higher pitch and falls to a lower pitch. It often indicates a statement or a completed thought. For example, in the sentence "I went to the store," the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be falling.
-
Rising tone (R): This tone starts at a lower pitch and rises to a higher pitch. It is often used for yes/no questions or to indicate uncertainty or incompleteness. For example, in the question "Did you go to the store?", the nuclear tone on "store" would typically be rising.
-
Fall-rise tone (FR): This tone starts at a higher pitch, falls, and then rises again. It can convey different meanings depending on the context. It is often used for statements with emotional or contrastive emphasis. For example, in the sentence "I told you I don't want to go," the nuclear tone on "go" might be fall-rise to convey emphasis or a contrastive meaning.
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3.
Intonation plays a crucial role in communication, as it adds layers of meaning, emotion, and emphasis to spoken language. I agree with the statement that "intonation is the soul of language." It helps convey nuances, attitudes, intentions, and pragmatics that go beyond the literal words. For example, consider the sentence "I didn't say you were wrong." By varying the intonation, the speaker can convey different meanings:
- Falling intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is denying the accusation and emphasizing that the person was not wrong.
- Rising intonation on "wrong" suggests that the speaker is clarifying or seeking confirmation, indicating that the person might have been wrong, but the speaker did not explicitly state it.
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