Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:
Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example:
/n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."
/g/ in "big" changes to /k/ before a voiceless consonant, as in "big cat" pronounced as "bik cat."
Progressive assimilation: Also known as perseverative assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound. For example:
/t/ in "cat" changes to /s/ before a fricative sound, as in "cat's tail" pronounced as "cas tail."
/d/ in "and" changes to /n/ before a nasal sound, as in "and me" pronounced as "an me."
Coalescent assimilation: This occurs when two adjacent sounds merge or blend into a single sound. For example:
"handbag" is pronounced as "ham-bag" where the /d/ and /b/ sounds merge into /m/.
Elision in English refers to the omission or deletion of sounds or syllables in connected speech. It is the process of leaving out certain sounds or reducing them to maintain a smoother and more fluent speech flow. Elision can involve the omission of sounds like vowels, consonants, or even whole syllables. Elision can be both obligatory (required) and optional (context-dependent).
Obligatory elision: Some instances of elision are obligatory, meaning they are required for natural pronunciation. For example:
"I am" is commonly pronounced as "I'm," with the elision of the /ə/ sound in "am."
"going to" is commonly pronounced as "gonna," with the elision of the sounds /ɪ/ and /t/.
Optional elision: Some instances of elision are optional and may vary depending on the speaker, style, or formality. For example:
The elision of the /t/ sound in words like "often" ("ofen") or "castle" ("casle") can vary between speakers.
Liaison in English refers to the pronunciation linking that occurs between words in connected speech, where a consonant sound from the end of one word carries over to the beginning of the next word. It helps to maintain smoothness and flow between words. The major types of liaison in English include:
Consonant to vowel liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following vowel sound. For example:
"good apple" is pronounced as "good apple" with the /d/ sound in "good" linking to the vowel sound in "apple."
Consonant to consonant liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following consonant sound. For example:
"red sky" is pronounced as "red sky" with the /d/ sound in "red" linking to the /s/ sound in "sky."
Intrusive liaison: This occurs when a normally silent sound is inserted between two words to maintain smoothness. For example:
"law and order" is pronounced as "law-ran-order" with an intrusive /r/ sound inserted between "law" and "and."
Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:
Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example:
/n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."
/g/ in "big" changes to /k/ before a voiceless consonant, as in "big cat" pronounced as "bik cat."
Progressive assimilation: Also known as perseverative assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound. For example:
/t/ in "cat" changes to /s/ before a fricative sound, as in "cat's tail" pronounced as "cas tail."
/d/ in "and" changes to /n/ before a nasal sound, as in "and me" pronounced as "an me."
Coalescent assimilation: This occurs when two adjacent sounds merge or blend into a single sound. For example:
"handbag" is pronounced as "ham-bag" where the /d/ and /b/ sounds merge into /m/.
Elision in English refers to the omission or deletion of sounds or syllables in connected speech. It is the process of leaving out certain sounds or reducing them to maintain a smoother and more fluent speech flow. Elision can involve the omission of sounds like vowels, consonants, or even whole syllables. Elision can be both obligatory (required) and optional (context-dependent).
Obligatory elision: Some instances of elision are obligatory, meaning they are required for natural pronunciation. For example:
"I am" is commonly pronounced as "I'm," with the elision of the /ə/ sound in "am."
"going to" is commonly pronounced as "gonna," with the elision of the sounds /ɪ/ and /t/.
Optional elision: Some instances of elision are optional and may vary depending on the speaker, style, or formality. For example:
The elision of the /t/ sound in words like "often" ("ofen") or "castle" ("casle") can vary between speakers.
Liaison in English refers to the pronunciation linking that occurs between words in connected speech, where a consonant sound from the end of one word carries over to the beginning of the next word. It helps to maintain smoothness and flow between words. The major types of liaison in English include:
Consonant to vowel liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following vowel sound. For example:
"good apple" is pronounced as "good apple" with the /d/ sound in "good" linking to the vowel sound in "apple."
Consonant to consonant liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following consonant sound. For example:
"red sky" is pronounced as "red sky" with the /d/ sound in "red" linking to the /s/ sound in "sky."
Intrusive liaison: This occurs when a normally silent sound is inserted between two words to maintain smoothness. For example:
"law and order" is pronounced as "law-ran-order" with an intrusive /r/ sound inserted between "law" and "and."
Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:
Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example:
/n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."
/g/ in "big" changes to /k/ before a voiceless consonant, as in "big cat" pronounced as "bik cat."
Progressive assimilation: Also known as perseverative assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound. For example:
/t/ in "cat" changes to /s/ before a fricative sound, as in "cat's tail" pronounced as "cas tail."
/d/ in "and" changes to /n/ before a nasal sound, as in "and me" pronounced as "an me."
Coalescent assimilation: This occurs when two adjacent sounds merge or blend into a single sound. For example:
"handbag" is pronounced as "ham-bag" where the /d/ and /b/ sounds merge into /m/.
Elision in English refers to the omission or deletion of sounds or syllables in connected speech. It is the process of leaving out certain sounds or reducing them to maintain a smoother and more fluent speech flow. Elision can involve the omission of sounds like vowels, consonants, or even whole syllables. Elision can be both obligatory (required) and optional (context-dependent).
Obligatory elision: Some instances of elision are obligatory, meaning they are required for natural pronunciation. For example:
"I am" is commonly pronounced as "I'm," with the elision of the /ə/ sound in "am."
"going to" is commonly pronounced as "gonna," with the elision of the sounds /ɪ/ and /t/.
Optional elision: Some instances of elision are optional and may vary depending on the speaker, style, or formality. For example:
The elision of the /t/ sound in words like "often" ("ofen") or "castle" ("casle") can vary between speakers.
Liaison in English refers to the pronunciation linking that occurs between words in connected speech, where a consonant sound from the end of one word carries over to the beginning of the next word. It helps to maintain smoothness and flow between words. The major types of liaison in English include:
Consonant to vowel liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following vowel sound. For example:
"good apple" is pronounced as "good apple" with the /d/ sound in "good" linking to the vowel sound in "apple."
Consonant to consonant liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following consonant sound. For example:
"red sky" is pronounced as "red sky" with the /d/ sound in "red" linking to the /s/ sound in "sky."
Intrusive liaison: This occurs when a normally silent sound is inserted between two words to maintain smoothness. For example:
"law and order" is pronounced as "law-ran-order" with an intrusive /r/ sound inserted between "law" and "and."
Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:
Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example:
/n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."
/g/ in "big" changes to /k/ before a voiceless consonant, as in "big cat" pronounced as "bik cat."
Progressive assimilation: Also known as perseverative assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound. For example:
/t/ in "cat" changes to /s/ before a fricative sound, as in "cat's tail" pronounced as "cas tail."
/d/ in "and" changes to /n/ before a nasal sound, as in "and me" pronounced as "an me."
Coalescent assimilation: This occurs when two adjacent sounds merge or blend into a single sound. For example:
"handbag" is pronounced as "ham-bag" where the /d/ and /b/ sounds merge into /m/.
Liaison in English refers to the pronunciation linking that occurs between words in connected speech, where a consonant sound from the end of one word carries over to the beginning of the next word. It helps to maintain smoothness and flow between words. The major types of liaison in English include:
Consonant to vowel liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following vowel sound. For example:
"good apple" is pronounced as "good apple" with the /d/ sound in "good" linking to the vowel sound in "apple."
Consonant to consonant liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following consonant sound. For example:
"red sky" is pronounced as "red sky" with the /d/ sound in "red" linking to the /s/ sound in "sky."
Intrusive liaison: This occurs when a normally silent sound is inserted between two words to maintain smoothness. For example:
"law and order" is pronounced as "law-ran-order" with an intrusive /r/ sound inserted between "law" and "and."
Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example: /n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."
Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:
Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example:
/n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."
/g/ in "big" changes to /k/ before a voiceless consonant, as in "big cat" pronounced as "bik cat."
Elision in English refers to the omission or deletion of sounds or syllables in connected speech. It is the process of leaving out certain sounds or reducing them to maintain a smoother and more fluent speech flow. Elision can involve the omission of sounds like vowels, consonants, or even whole syllables. Elision can be both obligatory (required) and optional (context-dependent).
Obligatory elision: Some instances of elision are obligatory, meaning they are required for natural pronunciation. For example:
"I am" is commonly pronounced as "I'm," with the elision of the /ə/ sound in "am."
"going to" is commonly pronounced as "gonna," with the elision of the sounds /ɪ/ and /t/.
Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:
Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example:
/n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."
/g/ in "big" changes to /k/ before a voiceless consonant, as in "big cat" pronounced as "bik cat."
Progressive assimilation: Also known as perseverative assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound. For example:
/t/ in "cat" changes to /s/ before a fricative sound, as in "cat's tail" pronounced as "cas tail."
/d/ in "and" changes to /n/ before a nasal sound, as in "and me" pronounced as "an me."
Coalescent assimilation: This occurs when two adjacent sounds merge or blend into a single sound. For example:
"handbag" is pronounced as "ham-bag" where the /d/ and /b/ sounds merge into /m/
Elision in English refers to the omission or deletion of sounds or syllables in connected speech. It is the process of leaving out certain sounds or reducing them to maintain a smoother and more fluent speech flow. Elision can involve the omission of sounds like vowels, consonants, or even whole syllables. Elision can be both obligatory (required) and optional (context-dependent).
Obligatory elision: Some instances of elision are obligatory, meaning they are required for natural pronunciation. For example:
"I am" is commonly pronounced as "I'm," with the elision of the /ə/ sound in "am."
"going to" is commonly pronounced as "gonna," with the elision of the sounds /ɪ/ and /t/.
Optional elision: Some instances of elision are optional and may vary depending on the speaker, style, or formality. For example:
The elision of the /t/ sound in words like "often" ("ofen") or "castle" ("casle") can vary between speakers.
Liaison in English refers to the pronunciation linking that occurs between words in connected speech, where a consonant sound from the end of one word carries over to the beginning of the next word. It helps to maintain smoothness and flow between words. The major types of liaison in English include:
Consonant to vowel liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following vowel sound. For example:
"good apple" is pronounced as "good apple" with the /d/ sound in "good" linking to the vowel sound in "apple."
Consonant to consonant liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following consonant sound. For example:
"red sky" is pronounced as "red sky" with the /d/ sound in "red" linking to the /s/ sound in "sky."
Intrusive liaison: This occurs when a normally silent sound is inserted between two words to maintain smoothness. For example:
"law and order" is pronounced as "law-ran-order" with an intrusive /r/ sound inserted between "law" and "and."
1. Assimilation is a way of joining sounds either within a word or at word boundaries, or at word and morpheme boundaries. In term of its direction, there are three types of assimilation: regressive assimilation, progressive assimilation and coalescent assimilation. In terms of influence, there are also three types of assimilation: place assimilation, voice assimilation and manner assimilation.
Elision in English refers to the omission or deletion of sounds or syllables in connected speech. It is the process of leaving out certain sounds or reducing them to maintain a smoother and more fluent speech flow. Elision can involve the omission of sounds like vowels, consonants, or even whole syllables. Elision can be both obligatory (required) and optional (context-dependent).
Liaison in English refers to the pronunciation linking that occurs between words in connected speech, where a consonant sound from the end of one word carries over to the beginning of the next word. It helps to maintain smoothness and flow between words. The major types of liaison in English include:
Consonant to vowel liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following vowel sound.
Consonant to consonant liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following consonant sound.
Intrusive liaison: This occurs when a normally silent sound is inserted between two words to maintain smoothness.
Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:
Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example:
/n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."
/g/ in "big" changes to /k/ before a voiceless consonant, as in "big cat" pronounced as "bik cat."
Progressive assimilation: Also known as perseverative assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound. For example:
/t/ in "cat" changes to /s/ before a fricative sound, as in "cat's tail" pronounced as "cas tail."
/d/ in "and" changes to /n/ before a nasal sound, as in "and me" pronounced as "an me."
Coalescent assimilation: This occurs when two adjacent sounds merge or blend into a single sound. For example:
"handbag" is pronounced as "ham-bag" where the /d/ and /b/ sounds merge into /m/.
Elision in English refers to the omission or deletion of sounds or syllables in connected speech. It is the process of leaving out certain sounds or reducing them to maintain a smoother and more fluent speech flow. Elision can involve the omission of sounds like vowels, consonants, or even whole syllables. Elision can be both obligatory (required) and optional (context-dependent).
Obligatory elision: Some instances of elision are obligatory, meaning they are required for natural pronunciation. For example:
"I am" is commonly pronounced as "I'm," with the elision of the /ə/ sound in "am."
"going to" is commonly pronounced as "gonna," with the elision of the sounds /ɪ/ and /t/.
Optional elision: Some instances of elision are optional and may vary depending on the speaker, style, or formality. For example:
The elision of the /t/ sound in words like "often" ("ofen") or "castle" ("casle") can vary between speakers.
Liaison in English refers to the pronunciation linking that occurs between words in connected speech, where a consonant sound from the end of one word carries over to the beginning of the next word. It helps to maintain smoothness and flow between words. The major types of liaison in English include:
Consonant to vowel liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following vowel sound. For example:
"good apple" is pronounced as "good apple" with the /d/ sound in "good" linking to the vowel sound in "apple."
Consonant to consonant liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following consonant sound. For example:
"red sky" is pronounced as "red sky" with the /d/ sound in "red" linking to the /s/ sound in "sky."
Intrusive liaison: This occurs when a normally silent sound is inserted between two words to maintain smoothness. For example:
"law and order" is pronounced as "law-ran-order" with an intrusive /r/ sound inserted between "law" and "and.
Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:
Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example:
/n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."
/g/ in "big" changes to /k/ before a voiceless consonant, as in "big cat" pronounced as "bik cat."
Progressive assimilation: Also known as perseverative assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound. For example:
/t/ in "cat" changes to /s/ before a fricative sound, as in "cat's tail" pronounced as "cas tail."
/d/ in "and" changes to /n/ before a nasal sound, as in "and me" pronounced as "an me."
Coalescent assimilation: This occurs when two adjacent sounds merge or blend into a single sound. For example:
"handbag" is pronounced as "ham-bag" where the /d/ and /b/ sounds merge into /m/.
Elision in English refers to the omission or deletion of sounds or syllables in connected speech. It is the process of leaving out certain sounds or reducing them to maintain a smoother and more fluent speech flow. Elision can involve the omission of sounds like vowels, consonants, or even whole syllables. Elision can be both obligatory (required) and optional (context-dependent).
Obligatory elision: Some instances of elision are obligatory, meaning they are required for natural pronunciation. For example:
"I am" is commonly pronounced as "I'm," with the elision of the /ə/ sound in "am."
"going to" is commonly pronounced as "gonna," with the elision of the sounds /ɪ/ and /t/.
Optional elision: Some instances of elision are optional and may vary depending on the speaker, style, or formality. For example:
The elision of the /t/ sound in words like "often" ("ofen") or "castle" ("casle") can vary between speakers.
Liaison in English refers to the pronunciation linking that occurs between words in connected speech, where a consonant sound from the end of one word carries over to the beginning of the next word. It helps to maintain smoothness and flow between words. The major types of liaison in English include:
Consonant to vowel liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following vowel sound. For example:
"good apple" is pronounced as "good apple" with the /d/ sound in "good" linking to the vowel sound in "apple."
Consonant to consonant liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following consonant sound. For example:
"red sky" is pronounced as "red sky" with the /d/ sound in "red" linking to the /s/ sound in "sky."
Intrusive liaison: This occurs when a normally silent sound is inserted between two words to maintain smoothness. For example:
"law and order" is pronounced as "law-ran-order" with an intrusive /r/ sound inserted between "law" and "and.
Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:
Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example:/n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."/g/ in "big" changes to /k/ before a voiceless consonant, as in "big cat" pronounced as "bik cat."
Progressive assimilation: Also known as perseverative assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound. For example:/t/ in "cat" changes to /s/ before a fricative sound, as in "cat's tail" pronounced as "cas tail."/d/ in "and" changes to /n/ before a nasal sound, as in "and me" pronounced as "an me."
Coalescent assimilation: This occurs when two adjacent sounds merge or blend into a single sound. For example:"handbag" is pronounced as "ham-bag" where the /d/ and /b/ sounds merge into /m/.
Elision in English refers to the omission or deletion of sounds or syllables in connected speech. It is the process of leaving out certain sounds or reducing them to maintain a smoother and more fluent speech flow. Elision can involve the omission of sounds like vowels, consonants, or even whole syllables. Elision can be both obligatory (required) and optional (context-dependent).
Obligatory elision: Some instances of elision are obligatory, meaning they are required for natural pronunciation. For example:"I am" is commonly pronounced as "I'm," with the elision of the /ə/ sound in "am.""going to" is commonly pronounced as "gonna," with the elision of the sounds /ɪ/ and /t/.
Optional elision: Some instances of elision are optional and may vary depending on the speaker, style, or formality. For example:The elision of the /t/ sound in words like "often" ("ofen") or "castle" ("casle") can vary between speakers.
Liaison in English refers to the pronunciation linking that occurs between words in connected speech, where a consonant sound from the end of one word carries over to the beginning of the next word. It helps to maintain smoothness and flow between words. The major types of liaison in English include:
Consonant to vowel liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following vowel sound. For example:"good apple" is pronounced as "good apple" with the /d/ sound in "good" linking to the vowel sound in "apple."
Consonant to consonant liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following consonant sound. For example:"red sky" is pronounced as "red sky" with the /d/ sound in "red" linking to the /s/ sound in "sky."
Intrusive liaison: This occurs when a normally silent sound is inserted between two words to maintain smoothness. For example:"law and order" is pronounced as "law-ran-order" with an intrusive /r/ sound inserted between "law" and "and."
Q2: Elision refers to the omission or deletion of a sound or syllable in connected speech. It occurs when certain sounds or syllables are left out to facilitate smooth and efficient pronunciation.
Whether elision is obligatory or optional depends on the specific language, dialect, and context. In some cases, elision is obligatory, meaning that the omission of certain sounds or syllables is required for natural and fluent speech. This can be due to phonological or phonetic rules governing the language.
In other instances, elision may be optional, allowing speakers to choose whether or not to omit sounds or syllables based on factors such as speech rate, formality, or personal speaking style. Optional elision often occurs in casual or rapid speech, where speakers tend to simplify or streamline their pronunciation for ease of communication.
1.Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example:
/n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."/g/ in "big" changes to /k/ before a voiceless consonant, as in "big cat" pronounced as "bik cat."
Progressive assimilation: Also known as perseverative assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound. For example:
/t/ in "cat" changes to /s/ before a fricative sound, as in "cat's tail" pronounced as "cas tail."
/d/ in "and" changes to /n/ before a nasal sound, as in "and me" pronounced as "an me."
Coalescent assimilation: This occurs when two adjacent sounds merge or blend into a single sound. For example:
"handbag" is pronounced as "ham-bag" where the /d/ and /b/ sounds merge into /m/.
1.Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound. For example:
/n/ in "in" changes to /m/ before a labial consonant, as in "in my" pronounced as "im my."/g/ in "big" changes to /k/ before a voiceless consonant, as in "big cat" pronounced as "bik cat."
Progressive assimilation: Also known as perseverative assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound. For example:
/t/ in "cat" changes to /s/ before a fricative sound, as in "cat's tail" pronounced as "cas tail."
/d/ in "and" changes to /n/ before a nasal sound, as in "and me" pronounced as "an me."
Coalescent assimilation: This occurs when two adjacent sounds merge or blend into a single sound. For example:
"handbag" is pronounced as "ham-bag" where the /d/ and /b/ sounds merge into /m/.
2.Elision in English refers to the omission or deletion of sounds or syllables in connected speech. It is the process of leaving out certain sounds or reducing them to maintain a smoother and more fluent speech flow. Elision can involve the omission of sounds like vowels, consonants, or even whole syllables. Elision can be both obligatory (required) and optional (context-dependent).
Obligatory elision: Some instances of elision are obligatory, meaning they are required for natural pronunciation. For example:
"I am" is commonly pronounced as "I'm," with the elision of the /ə/ sound in "am."
"going to" is commonly pronounced as "gonna," with the elision of the sounds /ɪ/ and /t/.
Optional elision: Some instances of elision are optional and may vary depending on the speaker, style, or formality. For example:
The elision of the /t/ sound in words like "often" ("ofen") or "castle" ("casle") can vary between speakers.
Liaison in English refers to the pronunciation linking that occurs between words in connected speech, where a consonant sound from the end of one word carries over to the beginning of the next word. It helps to maintain smoothness and flow between words. The major types of liaison in English include:Consonant to vowel liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following vowel sound. For example:
"good apple" is pronounced as "good apple" with the /d/ sound in "good" linking to the vowel sound in "apple."Consonant to consonant liaison: A final consonant sound links with a following consonant sound. For example:
"red sky" is pronounced as "red sky" with the /d/ sound in "red" linking to the /s/ sound in "sky."Intrusive liaison: This occurs when a normally silent sound is inserted between two words to maintain smoothness. For example:
"law and order" is pronounced as "law-ran-order" with an intrusive /r/ sound inserted between "law" and "and."
Q1:Assimilation in English refers to the process of sounds changing or adapting to neighboring sounds in connected speech. It occurs when the pronunciation of a sound is influenced by a nearby sound, resulting in a modification or assimilation of the original sound. There are several major types of assimilation in English:
Regressive assimilation: Also known as anticipatory assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a following sound.
Progressive assimilation: Also known as perseverative assimilation, this occurs when a sound is influenced by a preceding sound.
Coalescent assimilation: This occurs when two adjacent sounds merge or blend into a single sound.
Q2:Elision in English refers to the omission or deletion of sounds or syllables in connected speech. It is the process of leaving out certain sounds or reducing them to maintain a smoother and more fluent speech flow. Elision can involve the omission of sounds like vowels, consonants, or even whole syllables. Elision can be both obligatory (required) and optional (context-dependent).
Obligatory elision: Some instances of elision are obligatory, meaning they are required for natural pronunciation.
Optional elision: Some instances of elision are optional and may vary depending on the speaker, style, or formality.
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